Dino Bruni competed in the Olympic road race in 1952 and 1956, winning a team silver medal in 1952. As an amateur he also won bronze in the 1955 World Championships on the road. He turned professional in 1957, riding in the pro peloton from 1957-64, winning 29 races.
Bruni rode for Bianchi, Ignis Varese, and Pasta Gazzola Mondovi. He won the 1959 Tre Valli Varesine, the 1961 Giro di Reggio Calabria, and won the Sabatini Cup of Peccioli in 1961 and 1963. At the 1960 Giro d’Italia he won two stages and wore the maglia rosa for a day. He won stages at the Tour de France in 1959 and 1962. After retiring in 1964, he turned to hunting, winning international championships with his dog, and also competed in cross-country horse events.