Hartmut Krüger was on the gold medal winning East German team at the 1980 Moskva Olympics, winning the final after a 23-22 overtime victory against the Soviet Union. He played 157 international matches with the GDR national team and scored 453 goals. In 1978 and 1986, he played on the East German team that won bronze medals at the Worlds.
Domestically, Krüger played with SC Magdeburg and helped them win seven GDR Championships (1977, 1980-85) and the 1978 and 1981 European Cup of Champions. In 1986, he was named Handball Player of the Year. He later turned to coaching, mainly with his home club. In 1991 he won the German Championship as coach of Magdeburg. He also became CEO of a construction crane distribution company.