Field handball was only part of the Olympic program once, at the 1936 Berlin Games. The German Reich dominated their two preliminary round matches, beating Hungary 22-0 and then the USA 29-1, before winning all three matches in the final round, including a 10-6 win over Austria in the deciding match that won the gold medal. Fritz Spengler played two matches in Berlin, and won five international caps.
With his home club SV Waldhof Mannheim he won the German Championship in 1933 and were runners-up in 1937. After World War II Spengler was appointed the national coach of Saar, and participated in the 1952 and 1955 World Championships with his team. He remained coach of the Saarländischer Landesverband team until 1969.