A multiple national Egyptian rifle champion during the 1960s, Sami El-Khatib began his international career while the nation was known as the United Arab Republic, due to its union with Syria. In 1959, he represented the country at the 1959 Mediterranean Games, but did not reach the podium. Despite being a national champion the following year, he was not selected for the 1960 Rome Olympics. After coming in second at the national championships in 1963, however, he represented Egypt at the 1964 Tokyo Games, where he was 46th in the small-bore rifle, prone, 50 metres competition. He was also among the finalists for the 1968 Olympic team, but was not ultimately chosen. By the end of the decade he was secretary of the national shooting federation.