Sándor Kugler started his sports career in 1896. At the beginning, he competed in both athletics and swimming, but later concentrated only on swimming, specialising in the backstroke. He took part in the 100 metres backstroke at the 1908 London Olympics, but was disqualified in his opening heat for starting too early. Also that year, Kugler became the first Hungarian national backstroke champion before retiring from the sport shortly afterwards. Kugler later occupied important positions in the management of Hungarian swimming sports. First he taught swimming at the College of Physical Education, then wrote books about the sport, arranged courses throughout the country, and worked as the Hungarian national captain.
Hungary