In 1955 Eduardo Puertollano was part of the Uruguayan cycling quartet that won silver in the 4,000 metres team pursuit at the Pan American Games. The following year Puertollano competed in the road race and the 4,000 metres team pursuit at the Melbourne Olympics. He had more success at the Pan American Games, once again winning silver in the team pursuit at the 1959 Games in Chicago. Back home he won three stages of the Vuelta a Uruguay, in addition to finishing seventh overall in both 1956 and 1957.