Krystyna Czajkowska-Rawska played a variety of sports before settling on volleyball after graduating from high school. Aside from the first and last years of her career, she played for AZS-AWF Warsaw and won eight Polish national titles with them, in addition to one silver and one bronze medal. She also represented the Polish national team from 1955 through 1968, winning her first major international medal, bronze, at the 1958 European Championships. She earned another bronze at the 1962 World Championships, then took silver at the 1963 Europeans. She then attended her first Olympics in 1964 and captured bronze.
Czajkowska-Rawska took home another silver medal from the 1967 European Championships and another Olympic bronze in 1968. She then retired from active competition and turned to coaching, leading Płomień Milowice to four titles (1974, 1975, 1979, and 1980).