Poul Bille-Holst studied at the Royal Art Academy in København and married into the influential Swedish family Wachtmeister-Johannishus (Countess Sofia Louise). He continued to study in Paris and became a student of Brazilian Pedro Araujo. He was close to the political left and temporarily published the art magazine Buen. In the 1930s, Bille-Holst became a chronicler of the dying profession of charcoal burners. While initially painting in the cubist style, he became one of the most important Scandinavian modernists of the Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity) style.