The road cycling programme was the same as it would be at every Olympics from 1920-1956 – a single road race that awarded both individual and team medals. However, the road event was different, as it was conducted as a mass start race for the first time – previously, it had usually been an individual time trial, except in 1896 and 1906. The distance was 100 km.
The team road race reverted to the format used in 1924-28, with four riders on each team, and the best three times to count towards the team time. Robert Charpentier won the individual and led France to victory in the team race. Charpentier won three gold medals in Berlin, as he also won on the track, helping France win the team pursuit.