The 1964 Olympic eventing took place at the Karuizawa Equestrian Venue in the town of Karuizawa in Nagano Prefecture, about 160 km from Tokyo, at the base of the Asama Volcano. There were individual and team eventing competitions, both held concurrently. Mauro Checcoli won the individual title and led Italy to the team gold medal.
Because of the distance to Tokyo, horses were mostly flown to the 1964 Olympics for the first time. This caused some problems in this era as three horses had to be destroyed in transport to or from the Olympics.
Women had been allowed to compete in Olympic equestrian dressage since 1952 and show jumping since 1956, but in 1964 eventing was opened to women as well, meaning that from 1964 onwards, equestrianism was a fully open sport.