Kazimierz Barburski earned his first honors in 1962, when he won bronze at the European Junior Championships. Barburski was on the Polish national team from 1967-72 and competed at four major tournaments, but only in team events. Barburski captured team sabre bronze at the 1968 Olympics and team sabre silver at the 1970 World Championships, while placing fifth at the 1967 World Championships and sixth at the 1972 Olympics. Domestically Barburski won the 1974 Polish individual sabre title and team sabre titles in 1964-69, 1971-73 and 1975. He also won a Polish team foil title in 1965. Barburski finished his sporting career in 1976 and later worked as a fencing coach in Warszawa.