Edward Kobyliński started in sports as a 400 m runner, turning to rowing at the end of the 1920s. After winning a bronze medal in coxed fours in Los Angeles, he also competed in 1936 in coxless pairs, placing sixth. He took part in three European Championships (1933, 1934, 1935) but without winning a medal. Domestically he was eight times Polish Champion – 1935-36 and 1938 in coxless pairs; 1934-36 and 1938 in coxless fours; and 1933 in coxed fours.
During World War II Kobyliński fought in the Polish campaign against Germany. After the war he helped resurrect rowing in Poland, leading the Polish national team in 1953-54. From 1982-84 he was president of the Polish Association of Rowing Associations. He worked as a lecturer at the Academy of Physical Education and as a coach. Kobyliński was a judge at the 1972 and 1976 Olympics.