Like his older brother Aleksandr, Vladimir Golikov played with three clubs during his career – 1971-73: Dizelist Penza, 1973-77: Khimik Voskrosensk, and 1977-85: Dynamo Moskva. Vladimir Golikov never won a Soviet title, but was runner-up four times (1978-80, 1985) and won bronze three times (1981-83). In 1979 he was selected as part of the best line at the Soviet Championships, with his brother Aleksandr. Internationally Vladimir Golikov won Olympic silver in 1980, was four times World Champion (1978, 1979, 1981, 1982) and three times European champion (1979, 1981, 1982). He also won silver at the 1976 World Championships and silvers at the 1976 and 1978 European Championships. In 1979 he played on the winning Soviet Union team in the Challenge Cup between the Soviet Union and NHL All-Stars and in 1981 won the Canada Cup.