| Times held | 31 |
|---|---|
| Total participants | 1822 |
| Total countries | 167 |
| Year | Event | Status | Participants | NOCs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 17 | 5 |
| 1900 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 14 | 4 |
| 1904 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 32 | 4 |
| 1906 | Marathon, Men | Intercalated | 53 | 16 |
| 1908 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 55 | 16 |
| 1912 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 68 | 19 |
| 1920 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 48 | 17 |
| 1924 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 58 | 20 |
| 1928 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 69 | 23 |
| 1932 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 28 | 14 |
| 1936 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 56 | 27 |
| 1948 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 41 | 21 |
| 1952 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 66 | 32 |
| 1956 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 46 | 23 |
| 1960 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 69 | 35 |
| 1964 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 68 | 35 |
| 1968 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 75 | 41 |
| 1972 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 74 | 39 |
| 1976 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 67 | 36 |
| 1980 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 74 | 40 |
| 1984 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 107 | 59 |
| 1988 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 118 | 66 |
| 1992 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 110 | 72 |
| 1996 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 124 | 79 |
| 2000 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 100 | 66 |
| 2004 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 101 | 59 |
| 2008 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 95 | 56 |
| 2012 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 105 | 67 |
| 2016 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 155 | 79 |
| 2020 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 106 | 46 |
| 2024 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 81 | 42 |
| NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethiopia | 5 | 1 | 3 | 9 | |
| United States | 3 | 3 | 6 | 12 | |
| Kenya | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | |
| France | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | |
| South Africa | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| Italy | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
| Argentina | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | |
| Finland | 2 | 0 | 3 | 5 | |
| East Germany | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Japan | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | |
| Greece | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| Republic of Korea | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| Canada | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Czechoslovakia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Portugal | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Uganda | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Great Britain | 0 | 4 | 1 | 5 | |
| Belgium | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | |
| Morocco | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Netherlands | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Sweden | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Chile | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Estonia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Ireland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Yugoslavia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| New Zealand | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| Brazil | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Djibouti | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Hungary | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Soviet Union | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Athlete | Nat | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abebe Bikila | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Waldemar Cierpinski | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Eliud Kipchoge | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Frank Shorter | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| Mamo Wolde | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |