| Times held | 31 |
|---|---|
| Total participants | 1822 |
| Total countries | 167 |
| Year | Event | Status | Participants | NOCs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 17 | 5 |
| 1900 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 14 | 4 |
| 1904 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 32 | 4 |
| 1906 | Marathon, Men | Intercalated | 53 | 16 |
| 1908 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 55 | 16 |
| 1912 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 68 | 19 |
| 1920 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 48 | 17 |
| 1924 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 58 | 20 |
| 1928 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 69 | 23 |
| 1932 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 28 | 14 |
| 1936 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 56 | 27 |
| 1948 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 41 | 21 |
| 1952 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 66 | 32 |
| 1956 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 46 | 23 |
| 1960 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 69 | 35 |
| 1964 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 68 | 35 |
| 1968 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 75 | 41 |
| 1972 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 74 | 39 |
| 1976 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 67 | 36 |
| 1980 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 74 | 40 |
| 1984 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 107 | 59 |
| 1988 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 118 | 66 |
| 1992 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 110 | 72 |
| 1996 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 124 | 79 |
| 2000 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 100 | 66 |
| 2004 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 101 | 59 |
| 2008 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 95 | 56 |
| 2012 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 105 | 67 |
| 2016 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 155 | 79 |
| 2020 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 106 | 46 |
| 2024 | Marathon, Men | Olympic | 81 | 42 |
| NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethiopia | ETH |
5 | 1 | 3 | 9 |
| United States | USA |
3 | 3 | 6 | 12 |
| Kenya | KEN |
3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
| France | FRA |
3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| South Africa | RSA |
2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| Italy | ITA |
2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Argentina | ARG |
2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Finland | FIN |
2 | 0 | 3 | 5 |
| East Germany | GDR |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Japan | JPN |
1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| Greece | GRE |
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Republic of Korea | KOR |
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Canada | CAN |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Czechoslovakia | TCH |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Portugal | POR |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Uganda | UGA |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Great Britain | GBR |
0 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| Belgium | BEL |
0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Morocco | MAR |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Netherlands | NED |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Sweden | SWE |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Chile | CHI |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Estonia | EST |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Ireland | IRL |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Yugoslavia | YUG |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| New Zealand | NZL |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Brazil | BRA |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Djibouti | DJI |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Germany | GER |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Hungary | HUN |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Soviet Union | URS |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Athlete | Nat | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abebe Bikila | ETH |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Waldemar Cierpinski | GDR |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Eliud Kipchoge | KEN |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Frank Shorter | USA |
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Mamo Wolde | ETH |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |